History of Computer Networking

The concept of computer network born in the 1940s in America of a development project in the laboratory computer MODEL I Bell and Harvard University research group led by professor H. Aiken. Initially the project was to utilize a computer device that must be shared. To do multiple processes without wasting lots of time was made vacant succession process (batch processing), so that multiple programs can be run in a computer with the rules of the queue.

In 1950's when the types of computers began to swell until the creation of a super computer, a computer must serve multiple terminals (see Figure 1) For that discovered the concept of time-based distribution process known as TSS (Time Sharing System), then for the first time the form network (network) was applied to computers. In the TSS system several terminals connected in series to a host computer. In the process of TSS began to appear a mix of computer technology and telecommunications technology that was originally developed independently.

Figure 1 The computer network model of TSS

Entering the 1970's, when the workload increases and the price of many large computer software began to seem very expensive, then start to use the concept of the distribution process (Distributed Processing). As in Figure 2, in this process some of the host computer to do a great job in parallel to serve multiple terminals are connected in series in each host computer. Dala distribution process is absolutely necessary in-depth blend of computer and telecommunications technology, because in addition to the process that must be distributed, all must serve the host computer terminals in a single command from the central computer.

Figure 2 The computer network model of distributed processing

Furthermore, when the prices of small computers has begun to decline and the concept of the distribution process has matured, the use of computers and networks have started a variety of start dealing with the process and communication between computers (Peer to Peer System) course without going through a central computer. For that start developing a local network technology known as a LAN. Similarly, when the Internet was introduced, it is mostly a stand-alone LAN started connecting and forming a giant network WAN.