Nowadays with the development of computer technology is rapidly increasing the development of computer network was also required to follow the development of these technologies, and in building a link or connection of a workstation or server will not be able to function if the equipment is not physically connected, the relationship was known in the Lan as a transmission medium that generally in the form of wires and I will discuss is one of the transmission medium is fiber optic cable.
In the cable network known three types, namely:
1. Twisted Pair Cable
• The cable is divided into two, namely Shielded and Unshielded Twisted Pair Twisted
Pair (UTP)
• More widely known as a telephone cable
• Relatively inexpensive
• Short Distance
• Easily influenced by disturbances
• Speed of data that can be supported is limited, 10-16 Mbps
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2. Coaxial cable
• Commonly used on television
• a relatively farther distance
• Data transmission speeds are higher in appeal Twisted Pair, 30 Mbps
• Prices are relatively inexpensive
• Its size is greater than Twisted Pair
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3. Fiber Optic Cable
• Distances
• high data speed, 100 Mbps
• the relatively small size
• Difficult influenced disorders
• Prices are still relatively expensive
• Installation is relatively difficult
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Optical fiber itself is a cable made of glass or plastic that is used to transmit the signal light from one place to another. The light in the fiber optic hard to get out because the refractive index of glass is greater than the refractive index of air. The light source used is a laser because the laser has a very narrow spectrum.Speed optical fiber transmission is very high so it is great to use as a communication channel. (Www.wikipedia.com)
Fiber optic systems are generally used in telecommunications as well asin lighting , sensors , and optical imaging , optical fiber consists of two parts, thecladding and core. Cladding is the veil of the cores. Cladding has a refractive index lower than the core will reflect back the light that leads out of the core back into the core again, the efficiency of the optical fiber is determined by the purity of the material making up the glass of pure glassy materials the less light is absorbed by fiber optics. (Www.wikipedia.com)
Fiber optics can be divided into three:
- Single mode: optical fiber with a core of very small diameter so close to the wavelength of light that goes into it is not bouncing into the wall cladding.
- Multi-mode step index: an optical fiber core with a slightly larger diameter which makes the laser in it will be bouncing on the wall cladding that can cause a reduction in the bandwidth of the optical fiber of this type.
- Multimode grade index: an optical fiber with large core diameter and has a storied cladding refractive indices so as to increase the bandwidth when compared with the Multimode step index. (Www.wikipedia.com)
Parts of the types of single mode optical fiber
Reliability of optical fiber unit can be determined by the BER (Bit Error Rate). One end of the optical fiber was given a specific data input and the other end that process data. With a low laser intensity and the length of the fiber reaches a few miles, it will generate an error. The number of errors per time unit is called BER. By knowing the BER, number of errors on the same optical fiber with different lengths can be estimated magnitude. (Www.wikipedia.com)
When we compare in detail between the optical fiber cables with copper cables, the telephone companies generally use a fiber optic cable on the grounds that the fiber is quite thin and very light, and also the optical fiber will not leak and are very difficult to be tapped. Both of these causes optical fiber is quite secure from eavesdroppers. (Tanenbaum, 1996)
The disadvantage of this optical fiber is a fiber optic cable is a technology that is still strange that require high skills are still rarely have technicians today.Since the optical transmission properties unidirectional, two-way communication requires two fibers or two frequency bands on a single fiber, and fiber interfaces are also much more expensive compared to electrical interfaces. (Tanenbaum, 1996)
However, given the physical form of the network can not be compared to the wireless transmission such as wireless networks because of the use of this cable only in a limited area so for a user moves like this, twisted pair, coax, and fiber optic cables to no avail, besides the weakness of Fiber optic is a price that is still relatively expensive price range either the cable itsself or the cost of instalation.
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